Wildfire Smoke Health Crisis (US): Pennsylvania issued a statewide Code Red air quality alert as Canadian and Minnesota wildfire smoke pushes PM2.5 into unhealthy ranges, with heat making conditions riskier for everyone, especially children and people with asthma or heart/lung disease. Regional Smoke Spread: Similar alerts hit Wisconsin and northern Minnesota, where monitors reported extreme PM2.5 levels and officials urged residents to stay indoors and limit exertion. Air Quality Guidance: Massachusetts and other states issued alerts for fine particle pollution, recommending tighter indoor air protection and monitoring. Climate Court Update (Hawaii): A federal judge rejected the Trump administration’s bid to revisit a ruling blocking it from stopping Hawaii’s climate lawsuit. Desertification Efforts (Qatar): Qatar outlined a strategy to fight land degradation via afforestation, drought-resistant crops, water-saving irrigation, and monitoring. Pollution & Accountability (PFAS): North Carolina’s attorney general criticized a proposed Chemours PFAS settlement as too weak, urging public input before a judge decides. Data Centers & Local Impacts: Boulder City residents and officials protested a federal green light for a data center on public land, arguing the process bypassed local concerns. Cardiovascular Pollution Link: A Toronto study tied long-term exposure to common air pollutants to higher plaque buildup and obstructive coronary artery disease. Agriculture Nitrogen Costs (EU): The European Commission said nitrate pollution from agriculture costs the EU up to €182B annually, while also noting the directive has reduced pollution in many areas.